Which of the following are pharmacological treatments for opioid use disorder?

The correct answer identifies methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone as pharmacological treatments for opioid use disorder because these medications are specifically designed to help individuals manage their addiction to opioids.

Methadone is a long-acting opioid agonist that helps reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings without producing the euphoric high associated with opioid use. It is often used in maintenance therapy for those with opioid use disorder.

Buprenorphine is a partial opioid agonist, which means it can activate opioid receptors in the brain but to a lesser degree than full agonists like heroin or morphine. This helps to alleviate cravings and withdrawal symptoms while reducing the risk of misuse.

Naltrexone, on the other hand, is an opioid antagonist that blocks the effects of opioids at the receptor sites. It is used to support recovery by preventing relapse; it does not alleviate cravings, but it ensures that if an individual does use opioids, they will not experience the usual effects, thereby discouraging use.

In contrast, options such as alcohol, benzodiazepines, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen do not serve as effective treatments for opioid use disorder. Alcohol and benzodiazepines can potentially lead to additional substance use issues and