Genetic intolerance of alcohol has been documented among which ethnic group?

Genetic intolerance to alcohol is particularly documented among certain Asian populations, especially East Asians. This phenomenon is often attributed to a genetic variation that affects the metabolism of alcohol. Many individuals from these groups harbor a deficiency in an enzyme called aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), which plays a critical role in processing alcohol in the liver. When alcohol is consumed, it is converted to acetaldehyde, a toxic substance, and in those with ALDH2 deficiency, acetaldehyde accumulates in the body, leading to unpleasant effects such as facial flushing, nausea, palpitations, and eventually, an aversion to alcohol.

These genetic adaptations are thought to be evolutionary responses to alcohol consumption, as they may confer some protective advantages against alcohol-related illnesses, including certain types of cancer. This biological intolerance highlights the significant impact of genetics on how different ethnic groups metabolize substances like alcohol, making it particularly relevant for those in addiction studies and treatment planning.